There are some 100 trillion cells constantly active in the human body. As a result of these activities emerge waste products consisting of urea, uric acid and keratin, some of them very toxic. Unless they are immediately expelled from the body, the body’s functions become impaired, and death is inevitable.
Just like factories that discharge poisonous wastes into rivers, cells release the waste byproducts they create into the blood plasma. This means the human bloodstream is being polluted by the waste products from 100 trillion cells—pollution that represents a danger to life, unless the polluted blood is cleaned constantly. But here a major problem arises. Along with such toxic wastes as urea and uric acid, there are also substances in the bloodstream that the body needs, such as amino acids, vitamins, water and glucose. That being so, whatever purifies the blood needs to be more than a simple filtering system. In addition to recognizing and retaining useful substances, this system also must function as a complex purification plant that will distinguish and eliminate only toxic products. You might at first imagine that a plant so perfect and technologically equipped could be constructed only in a very large area. Yet this incomparable purification plant is actually installed in a very small area, just beneath your skin, at the level of your back, and it has existed ever since you were in your mother’s womb. The paired organs known as the kidneys serve as a purification plant with which no technology can possibly compete. MICRO-FILTERS: THE KIDNEYS How Is the Blood Purification Carried Out? Blood flowing through the body is first subjected to filtering in the kidneys. In them, a large number of minute filters enable this purification to take place. A manifest miracle can be seen when one considers these filters’ number: In a single kidney there are 1,200,000 filters known as nephrons. These micro-filters consist of a Bowman capsule—a hemispherical structure composed of capillary vessels at the end of the nephron, the glomerulus, the Malpighian corpuscle, and kidney veins. 43 Each of these 1,200,000 filters possesses a perfect creation with thousands of microscopic holes.Approximately one-quarter of the blood leaving the heart comes direct to the kidneys, by means of the renal arteries, which accounts for more than 1 liter (0.3 gallons) a minute. The vein carrying the blood divides into thinner ones as soon as it enters the kidney. Each of these thin vessels leads to a micro filter. Thanks to the pressure established by the heart, the blood strikes the surface of the filter at considerable speed, and toxic products and water pass through to the other side of the filter. Since proteins and blood cells are too large to pass through the filter, they remain behind. The blood that is unable to pass is thus cleansed and purified.
The glomerulus that enters the Bowman capsule divides into a number of capillary vessels that will constitute the vein node. These blood vessels will later join up and leave the capsule as an artery. A blood vessel network between two arteries can only be seen in this part of the body. Since the glomerulus capillaries lie between two arteries, the blood pressure is higher here than in the body’s other capillary vessels. The higher blood pressure maintained in this region serves a very specific purpose: to make the filtering process more effective. Again in contrast to other capillary vessels, the walls of the vessels here are double-layered—a structure that not only allows them to withstand this higher blood pressure, but also prevents proteins and leucocytes from leaking out of the blood vessels. Thanks to all these features, only water and substances dissolved in water pass from the glomerulus capillary vessels into the Bowman capsule. Although there is reverse absorption in other capillary vessels, none occurs in these. These veins can be cited as an example of the kidneys’ overall creation. The veins that bring the polluted blood to the filters, removed the filtered waste products and carry the remaining clean blood back to the body are equipped with 1,200,000 filters, created in such a way as to create no confusion whatsoever. The veins all lead where they need to go. The path that blood vessels follow in the kidneys, where they will go to carry these products, and where they will leave the kidneys—all is the product of a special creation. What has been described so far are very small parts of the kidneys’ detailed structure. Many books have been written, countless studies and experiments carried out, regarding just a single process in the kidneys or a substance that’s secreted. All the research into human anatomy leads to a single conclusion: that all of our body’s components have to exist as a whole, because our very survival depends on our bodies functioning as a single unit. If the venous system just described did not exist in the kidneys, the body’s excretory system and equilibrium would be impaired, resulting in death.
Moreover, what has been described so far is only the bare outline of the processes that take place within the kidneys.
The Purification Plant Goes into Action Every minute, some 125 cubic centimeters (7.6 cubic inches) of fluid is filtered in the kidneys’ microfilters, and this fluid is passed by the bloodstream as waste products to the other side of the filters. This means that 180 liters (47.5 gallons) are filtered every day—enough to fill the gas tanks of four cars. 44 Of course, a human body weighing 60 to 70 kilograms (130 to 145 pounds) couldn’t possibly withstand the loss of 180 liters (47.5 gallons) of fluid every day. In fact, 99% of the fluid passed through the micro filters is re-absorbed by the kidneys and released back into the bloodstream. At the same time, substances the body needs are caught one by one for re-use. Vitamins, amino acids and other important substances are thus prevented from being expelled in the urine.Moreover, in addition to containing toxic substances, this fluid also contains vital ingredients such as amino acids, vitamins and glucose. The loss of these materials would result in death. That being so, the fluid must not be expelled from the body immediately. First, useful substances need to be identified, retained, and re-acquired for the body’s use. Technology in the Purification Plants As described above, a perfect and multi-functional plant is essential to purify the blood—and to re-absorb useful substances in the fluid already filtered. Allah has installed more than 1 million micro-purification plants in a kidney only 10 centimeters (4 inches) in size and 100 grams (0.2 of a pound) in weight.As you’ve seen, blood pumped from the heart to the kidney is filtered through more than 1 million micro-filters. What we call micro-purification plants have been installed immediately behind these micro-filters. Each plant consists of a mini-pipe 31-millimeters (1.2 inches) long. Yet this is one of the most perfect purification plants in the world. Despite all the great technological means mankind has invented, no purification plant comparable to this little tube has ever been created. Before examining how this little tube functions, we need to concentrate on the important fact that it is only 31 millimeters (1.2 inches) long. Bearing in mind that there are more than 1 million of these micro-purification plants in a single kidney, the total length of all these tubes laid on end is actually 31 kilometers (19 miles)! The fact that Allah has installed these 31 kilometers of tubing so flawlessly into a 10 centimeter (4-inch) organ is one of the countless miracles He has manifested in the human body. In addition to containing an important quantity of useful substances, the yellowish kidney fluid also contains harmful substances that cross to the other side of the micro-filters, and now starts a very important journey within the 31-millimeter (1.2-inch) purification plant. A Living Pipeline The 31-millimeter purification plant or pipeline we have been referring to is actually a living tube—or more accurately, a collection of millions of living cells. These cells which constitute the pipeline fulfill a vital function for the human body with enormous determination, consciousness and responsibility. From within the urine, the cells select and trap those substances necessary for human survival. They then pass them through the capillary vessels surrounding this pipeline, expending considerable quantities of energy. Substances of vital importance—glucose, amino acids, and proteins—are thus released back into the bloodstream. For this process to take place, the transportation molecules that will assist the cells need to be ready. Everything has been flawlessly planned and set out. We now need to think a little. The cells gain nothing from the work they do. Yet just like a chemist, they distinguish the requisite molecules and deliver them to the blood vessels, day and night. To select between different substances, a cell needs to possess information, and must have intellect and experience to tell them apart. But it is not enough for only one single cell to possess awareness. It is essential that millions of cells in the kidneys should assemble to form a tube, and that all of them should work together, demonstrating the same determination. Therefore, billions of cells all exhibiting similar consciousness must come together to form a million independent pipelines. At the same time, more billions of cells must combine so as to form a million filters and locate themselves at the entrances to the pipelines. Remember that no cell possesses any consciousness whatsoever. If a collection of cells come together in a tiny tube in one corner of our bodies and perform actions requiring reason, responsibility, and coordination, then that is a manifestation of Allah’s infinite intellect and incomparable artistry. Such a flawless order can only come into being, not through a string of coincidences, but by Almighty Allah telling it to “Be!” The Originator of the heavens and Earth. When He decides on something, He just says to it, “Be!” and it is. (Surat al-Baqara: 117) The Kidneys’ Delicate Tasks Before examining the other functions of the kidneys, it will be useful to look briefly at the world of water inside us. The human body’s solid appearance is actually based on the fluids it contains. More than half of the water, comprising 60% of our body weight, is inside our cells. The remainder—mainly in form of blood and lymph—bathes all the cells in our body.The water surrounding our cells must be of a particular density, or the situation could grow very dangerous. To emphasize the importance of the water surrounding the cells, if the cells in a drop of blood are placed into pure water, they will swell up and explode. If placed into a liquid environment denser than tap water, they will fold up on themselves and collapse.
The kidneys are created with special systems to ensure that the balance in question is maintained. In addition to filtering and cleaning the blood, this miraculous pair of organs also regulates the quantity and density of the fluid in your tissues and makes the necessary adjustments accordingly. You may never think about the water level in your tissues in the course of your day-to-day life. Without your being aware of it, however, the kidneys regulate this water level for you—working non-stop, just like the trillions of different cells that work on your behalf. How Do the Kidneys Regulate the Water Level in the Body? Investigating the answer to this question, we once again see the incomparable nature of Allah’s creation. An interconnected and perfectly created system functions to maintain the balances in the body. If you lose a considerable amount of water, through sweating or not drinking water for a while, the density of the water in the blood falls. As blood flows through the brain, special sensors in the region known as the hypothalamus send a signal to the pituitary gland, the commander of the hormonal system. The pituitary, realizing that the water level in the bloodstream has gone down, sends a special message to the kidneys, in the form of the anti-diuretic hormone ADH, signaling the cells that there is a water deficiency in the body, and instructing them to hold back water. The micro-tubes extract more water from the urine and release it into the blood, thus averting any crisis in the body.45 If you drink more water than you require, then there is another communication within that same chain of command. This time, the cells are instructed there is too much water in the bloodstream and do not retain any excess. What do the cells in the pituitary gland, immediately under the brain, respond? The cells here send a signal to the kidneys, which are far distant from themselves. The kidney cells then obey, unquestioningly and unconditionally, the chemical message that reaches them. And subsequently select water molecules one by one from the liquid urine, thus recycling crystal-clear water back into the body. The communication between the brain and kidney cells and how the kidney cells purify urine to produce pure water is a sure indication of intellect and intention. The existence of this system by itself is sufficient to completely demolish the theory of evolution, which accounts for the existence of all world’s living things in terms of simple coincidences. If the excretory system is to function, it is essential that all of its many independent components should all exist at the same time, and that they should all work in complete harmony. For example, any lack of the anti-diuretic hormone that carries messages from the pituitary gland to the kidneys could result in a fatal illness: The daily production of urine, which should be 1.5 liters (0.4 gallon) a day, would rise to 25 to 30 liters (6.5 to 8 gallons), and that would be fatal.
Sodium Regulation The kidneys regulate the levels in the bloodstream of a great many substances of which you are quite unaware. Most people, for instance, do not know of the sodium molecules in their tissues and blood. Yet the kidneys work day and night to regulate the level of this element. The kidneys contain special sensors responsible for monitoring the level of sodium in the body. If that level falls, these sensors immediately notify the sodium-absorbing cells in the kidneys. It is most surprising that a cell should go about measuring the level of any particular substance, and possesses the consciousness to inform other cells of a change it identifies. During filtration in the kidneys, a quantity of sodium is mixed with the fluid to be expelled as urine. When the sodium-absorbing cells realize that the sodium level in the blood has gone down, they seize the sodium molecules in the urine and return them to the body. The level of sodium in the bloodstream thus returns to normal. Special pumps, located atop of these cells to let them trap sodium molecules, go into operation when needed to re-acquire sodium molecules for the body. If that re-absorption mechanism in the kidneys did not exist, then our death from excessive water loss would be inevitable. As you see, the connections between different parts of the body are flawless, and the regulatory mechanisms and precautions taken in the event of emergencies are incomparable. Any deficiency in the vitally important molecules in the blood is immediately identified by the relevant units, and begin work to remedy that deficiency. A chemical message is immediately dispatched to the relevant cells, which understand that message, act upon it and take the requisite precautions. Thanks to this flawless communication, which takes place in a very brief time, continued health is guaranteed.
It is totally impossible for the components making up such a system to have formed by chance. As you have seen, to claim that such a system appeared in the kidneys by coincidence clearly reveals the logical collapse suffered by Darwinists. Every action taken by cells, which consist of proteins and can be seen only under the microscope requires a separate plan and reason. The presence of such intention in the cells is a clear indication of creation—just one of the signs of Allah’s infinite knowledge, intellect and power. Those who grasp these facts need to waste no time in altering their lives in a way pleasing to Allah. This will be of benefit to all when they gather to account for their actions on the Day of Judgment. Allah has warned people of the Day of Judgment in these terms: Allah is my Lord and your Lord, so worship Him. This is a straight path. The parties differed among themselves. Woe to those who disbelieve when they are present on a terrible Day! How clear will be their hearing, how perfect their sight, on the Day they come to Us; whereas today the wrongdoers are clearly misguided. Warn them of the Day of Bitter Regret when the affair will be resolved. But they take no notice. They have no faith. (Surah Maryam: 36-39) The Kidneys and the Pressure in the Veins One of the kidneys’ important functions is regulating blood pressure, determined mainly by the level of fluid in the veins.The more fluid in the veins, the higher the rise in blood pressure, which can damage many organs in the body. Sensors on the anterior chambers of the heart perceive there is too much fluid in the veins. When the heart contracts with excessive fluid entering it, these sensors send a report of the situation to the brain, which then increases blood filtration by adjusting the width of the veins leading to the kidney. Let us now consider an imaginary example of the pressure measurement carried out in the anterior chamber of the heart and the adjustments in the body performed in the light of it. Imagine a room, totally isolated from the outside world. A human being lives in there, and must spend his entire life in there—to fulfill a very important responsibility. The air pressure on the walls of this room changes constantly. This man’s task is to measure that pressure with special equipment. He must also notify the measurements he makes to an information-processing center, making thousands of reports every day, and there must be no errors in any of them. If he forgets to take a measurement, grows inattentive, or makes an inaccurate measurement, then the room he lives in, the building that contains that room, and the city it stands in will all be destroyed! One cannot even imagine a person devoting his life to measuring the pressure on the chamber walls, never sleeping for a moment, and never making a mistake. Yet the events that take place in the body far exceed the bounds of this example. Cells in the walls of the heart’s anterior chamber do indeed devote their entire lives to measuring the blood pressure and reporting the results to the brain. The fact that these cells perform such an important function with such self sacrifice all their lives, are located in the anterior chamber of the heart, can take measurements and inform the brain of these, all shows that these cells were specially created. The Message Concealed in the Fibers of the Heart Located in the depths of the fibers of the heart are special molecules carrying a very important message that concerns not the heart, but another organ far distant from it. Under normal conditions, however, the molecules carrying the message, can never leave that region, because they are surrounded by powerful heart fibers. So, what message do these molecules carry? And why are they located in the depths of the heart tissue? As we examine the answer to these questions, another miracle of creation emerges. This molecule is a hormone known as atrial natriuretic factor. Only the kidneys can decipher the message it contains, instructing them to expel sodium from the body. 46 Why is a message to be sent to the kidneys concealed within the depths of the heart? And what does the heart have to do with the kidneys expelling sodium from the body? However, Allah has created the human body with thousands of interconnected systems. The concealing a message of concern to the kidneys within the depths of the heart is just one of these complex, interconnected systems. High blood pressure—a rise in the force exerted by fluid in the veins—is a very dangerous condition that can be fatal unless precautions are taken. Increasing blood pressure causes the heart to expand, opening gaps between the muscle fibers, and the message molecules imprisoned there are released into the bloodstream and then reach the kidneys. The kidney, obeying the instruction, acts to expel the sodium from the body. Blood pressure thus returns to normal levels, and the heart continues to beat healthily. What Happens When Blood Pressure Falls? The kidneys’ role in regulating blood pressure does not end there. When blood pressure is low, the kidneys secrete a substance called rennin from a cell with a special structure known as the JGA. Yet this substance has no direct pressure-reducing effect of its own.This substance combines with a molecule called angiotensinogen, secreted by the liver, far distant from where it itself is produced, and transforms into the molecule angiotensin-1. Yet this resulting hormone has no serious effect on blood pressure. This hormone, present in the bloodstream, turns into a very different molecule: angiotensin-2, thanks to an enzyme called ACE which is present in the lung and serves only to break down the molecule angiotensin-1.47
The angiotensin-2 molecule does more than this to raise blood pressure. The bloodstream transmits the molecule to a gland above the kidneys. Certain cells in this region release into the blood a molecule called aldosterone, which these cells produce only after combining with angiotensin-2. When this happens, blood pressure begins to rise under the influence of another mechanism. By combining with the special receptors on the kidney’s collecting channels, the aldosterone molecule permits the body to re-absorb sodium molecules expelled in urine. 48 The sodium molecules then raise the blood pressure by increasing the density of the blood. Without doubt, the effects of these substances are interconnected. Since not a single one of these could have come about by chance, it is even more impossible for all of this system’s components to have emerged by coincidence in the human body. Coincidences cannot give the kidneys their ability to understand, nor the necessary initiative to adopt various measures. To claim that the order of the dozens of substances and mechanisms used to regulate blood pressure came about by themselves is a form of behavior unique to people blindly devoted to the theory of evolution, who have adopted it as a belief system. Indeed, evolutionists have admitted in various ways that theory is only a belief, and flies in the face of all the facts. One of these admissions reads as follows: From my earliest training as a scientist, I was strongly brainwashed to believe that science cannot be consistent with any kind of deliberate creation. That notion has had to be painfully shed. At the moment, I can’t find any rational argument to knock down the view which argues for conversion to Allah. We used to have an open mind; now we realize that the only logical answer to life is creation—and not accidental random shuffling. 49
Imitation Kidneys In the event that organs fail to function properly, present-day technology places artificial devices to replace them at the disposal of medical science. If the kidneys fail or cease to function properly, dialysis machines have been developed to function as a blood- purification system. In these machines—incomparably larger than the kidneys themselves—blood is passed through various mechanisms and cleansed of such toxic substances as uric acid.These machines work by simple diffusion, in which blood passes from a very high-density environment to a low-density one. Blood from an artery is pumped through a tube into the dialysis machine, containing fluid that’s similar to blood plasma in terms of oxygen richness and salt concentration. As blood is pumped through the tubes, waste products such as urea are diffused into the dialysis fluid, while needed substances such as erythrocytes and proteins remain in the dialysis tubes. During this process, the device lightly shakes the dialysis fluid, thanks to which waste products in the blood are separated out and the blood is made suitable for being returned to the body. If required, glucose is added to the dialysis fluid and again passed into the blood by means of diffusion.
A full dialysis takes some four to six hours, during which the dialysis fluid is changed several times. Patients are subjected to the process two or three times a week. Yet dialysis can never replace the normal kidney. 50 Even the most effective dialysis machines can prolong a patient’s lifespan by only a few years, and most patients eventually die. Everything in the human body has been perfectly created. Medical research seeks to develop technology that’s able to produce features comparable to the human body’s. Yet it is impossible to install artificial devices into spaces as small as those in the body. The systems installed by Allah in the human body is incomparable in all aspects. A person must regard this as a blessing from Allah and to give thanks to Him at every moment. Allah is He Who appointed the night for you so that you might rest in it, and the day for seeing. Allah pours out His favor on humanity but most people do not show thanks. That is Allah, your Lord, the Creator of everything. There is no deity but Him—so how have you been perverted? That is how those who deny Allah’s Signs have been perverted. (Surah Ghafir: 61-63)
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THE BODY’S PURIFICATIO PLANT: THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM
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